# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see # COMNAP - Stations and Bases # http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/ # and # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) # http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm # for information. # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. # FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. # Argentina - year-round bases # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 # Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 # Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 # Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 # San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) # Australia - territories # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered # Margaret Turner reports # https://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html # (1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST; # presumably this is when they have visitors. # # year-round bases # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). # # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 # # We have more background information here: # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... # # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but # has not been decided yet. # # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 # 20:00 UTC. # # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. # # Background: # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28): # Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time # zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016". # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969 8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00 11:00 - +11 2010 Mar 5 2:00 8:00 - +08 2011 Oct 28 2:00 11:00 - +11 2012 Feb 21 17:00u 8:00 - +08 2016 Oct 22 11:00 - +11 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13 7:00 - +07 1964 Nov 0 - -00 1969 Feb 7:00 - +07 2009 Oct 18 2:00 5:00 - +05 2010 Mar 10 20:00u 7:00 - +07 2011 Oct 28 2:00 5:00 - +05 2012 Feb 21 20:00u 7:00 - +07 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - -00 1954 Feb 13 6:00 - +06 2009 Oct 18 2:00 5:00 - +05 # References: # Casey Weather (1998-02-26) # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html # Belgium - year-round base # Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 # Brazil - year-round base # Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 # Bulgaria - year-round base # St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 # Chile - year-round bases and towns # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 # Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 # Prat, -6230-05941 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 # These locations employ Region of Magallanes time; use # TZ='America/Punta_Arenas'. # China - year-round bases # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 # France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") # # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): # Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came # from Tasmania. # # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants # # Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964; # sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+; # see Indian/Reunion. # # Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 # Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 # # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - -00 1950 # Port-aux-Français 5:00 - +05 # # year-round base in the main continent # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 # (2005-12-05) # # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - -00 1947 10:00 - +10 1952 Jan 14 0 - -00 1956 Nov 10:00 - +10 # France & Italy - year-round base # Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 # Germany - year-round base # Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 # India - year-round bases # Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 # Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 # Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") # Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 # Japan - year-round bases # Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957 # # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. # # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29 3:00 - +03 # See: # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html # S Korea - year-round base # Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 # New Zealand - claims # Balleny Islands (never inhabited) # Scott Island (never inhabited) # # year-round base # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. # See Pacific/Auckland. # Norway - territories # Bouvet (never inhabited) # # claims # Peter I Island (never inhabited) # # year-round base # Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 # # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: # GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March # GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October # GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 # GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. # # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21): # The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate # with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 +01 Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 +02 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 +01 #Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 +00 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines. Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 +00 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - -00 2005 Feb 12 0:00 Troll %s # Poland - year-round base # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 # Romania - year-bound base # Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 # Russia - year-round bases # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): # http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same # time as Moscow, Russia. # # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is # what they had to say about time there: # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." # # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it # in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06. # Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16 6:00 - +06 # S Africa - year-round bases # Marion Island, -4653+03752 # SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 # Ukraine - year-round base # Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 # United Kingdom # # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims # South Orkney Islands # scientific station from 1903 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 # South Shetland Islands # # year-round bases # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, # scientific station 1943/1967, # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, # and a garrison was deployed briefly # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 # # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) # says Rothera is -03 all year. # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - -00 1976 Dec 1 -3:00 - -03 # Uruguay - year round base # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 # USA - year-round bases # # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) # See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST. # # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 # # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.) # # From Susan Smith # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): # We use the same time as McMurdo does. # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... # One last quirk about South Pole time. # All the electric clocks are usually wrong. # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! # # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.